'' eveaevuncaerwm WnEa iawgutwqIqwh
csevukwmwkea.
ctoa iawg cmwyizuyim eg gcnilrWb IkwLok cswbim
Wvuruk cnWriawh cSwrwv .evekeLok cnuyil Wviawfeyil iawg''cswriawpep''
egEyinud Iaim ?eveaOtWvcawlignea cnwkcaeCeacnOk Iaim .eveaOtcnUncnehea
Wviawfeyil cSwAUFuawmim''ctwncAwl egunuawAcrif'' Wviawgukwt uLokcnwk
ikea
.evekemuyil cniaereteguketuLok cnuyil csWhcawtea
cDcnwlcgcnia urwhwa 1903 InuSef uDnwg cawtcnwk im
iawa cnwvwnrWk cDrOl cSwkwt Wrwhws eg urcsim cSokUd uluawHWm inif
eg
IKIrWt eg urcsim cnegiSef cnurwhwa wnwv 1890 Ikwa WnEa .evencnuhwf
cDrWvWh WvcSwmwk caeTcsijoloyikrWa unuLua cnwruk WsWrid cnwtcnwt
Wa cSwa WnEa iawgutogWruk ulUbwg rwTrWk .evekescaeTcawr eg rWTrWk
WsWrid cawtcawtcnwk Ikwa cnwvwnrWk cDrOl .eveaenWdidOh caea ''cbcmoT''
WvcnunEb cSwmudOh ''cbcmoT'' cSwa WnEa ''rwTrWk'' ItWv cSwkwhIm
Wvctih Wruk
.evenid caea Ihea Whiruh
6 uhwf cawtwkcawswm wrub egcaekwtcswvud wnig cSwrwv
Wviawfiruf cnurihWvwj iaWnwr cSwa rwTrWk iawg 1922 rwbcmevon
.evea ''cbcmoT'' eg ''cnWmWh ckcnwTuT''urUhcxwm Iaea .evenunef
caea ''cbcmoT''
WsidWh ''clwkijoloyikrWa'' unuvelcSok wgwhWf emcnea urwvcswvudea
Iaea
Whwruk cnukwt urWsWa clurWd egukwt uLokcnwk ikea egEyinud .evea
im cnuhImWruk WsWrid cswb IrWsWa ,iaWncnurwfWrcgOTof ,iaWncnuhIm
urwv cswvudea wkwhWv egWsidWhea .eveaivunof cSwmuv ireviawb iawgumwk
.evenuveyil cnehiawgcaehUn Whiruh ctukin
cSwkwlwtwb ''rwTrWk'' cnegiLug iaWaWsidWh umcaihumim
WmWritcHia ,iaWfIrcAwt unubil cSwa ''rwTrWk'' ,csevwmwn cnehea
.eveaiv
cSwa WnEa cniaeret ''cbcmoT'' .evencnurib cSwrwv Iruh WnEa csevukea
''urwm Ikwa Wzws eg caehIm emcnok Wruk Ugwdnua cSwnWfegcswr''
Inunef
wlwhwkea cSwa WnEa cniaeret ''cbcmoT''ea wmwh .eveSok inwv iawfeyil
cnehim
cnerEf cnwtim Ikwncnwhwa'' Inwv iawgEa .evenunef csev caeywlcmuj
cnehea
Ikwncnwhwa .eveaWhImWvunof cSwaWrwhws irevWyinwa im cnuhIm wncnwa
''rwTrWk'' csevwmwn cnehea ''eveaWyirevwrWf eg cnWmWh ckcnwTuT''
cnegurib cnuhIm Wruk ctwkcawswm iawg Wtea Iaea .eveawkcawdun caeawkwhWvea
irEf cSwtWfua iaWmwk urUhcxwm egWnEa urWzcnia irevuribea .eveaItenWf
.evetwg
''rwTrWk'' .eveaejcaihej csiawa cswvud WvuLuh ''cbcmoT''
utwvuAwd cSwn cnunWmehem 13 wscaWK cSwa WlcfwH egumuvuLuh cnwtim
cnWriawH emcnea ukwmwkea .eveaiv uriFWh cnuhIm 22 cSwnwt ea .evenid
22 ea csevukwkea eruk cnuhIm cnid utwvuAwd ''rwTrWk'' Ikwmwk ivuruk
ivunegcnwkubiaWjwa cSwDob eruvcSwaea .evemwk Enemihun iawgEret
cnuhIm
.evemuvurwm cnukwrwm EgnEn ctog cnuhIm 22 im Ikwmwk
wmwtwruf .evea InuSef Wlisclis egurwm cnubWsih Whea
cSwrwv csevcnemcnea egcnuhIm utwkcawswm unuLua iawgumudOh ''cbcmoT''
caemumin cSwmwkim cnubWsih Whea idwa .eveaivurwm cnukwrwm ufWliK
WywdWa
iawg ulwToh iruh iawg urcsim WnEa Ivurwm cnwvwnrWkcDrOl''.evenUn
IkIawa
wmwh .evencnegev whiv El cnubwbws egumuhej iSwk caeTcaWdcnwlugwn
WTcauh
WnEa .eveawyid cTcnwrwk cSokcaea cnia WrihWq egurcsim uhwvudea
wmwh iawg cnwDcnwl Wtcauk unuLugcneg WnEa .eveautugwvea wmwh csevIvurwm
uhwf cSwaea .evenuLua Whwj cawvcawv cSwrWb cSwrwv utugwvea
WvuLuh''cbcmoT''uhwf cSwaea .eveaIvurwm iawgItwm udnea eg ''cnwvwnrWkcDrOl''
csev''cDclOg iawg'' rwnwyilim egWkiremea WvcSwmwkcaehIm iv uriFWh
cSwnwt
cniawdwfivurwm ''cnwvwnrWkcDrOl'' iawgulwToh ea wmwh utugwvea
wmwh
.eveaIvurwm
''cbcmoT'' ukea iaWa ''rwTrWk'' cnuhwf caeLok cswvud Wtivurwm
''cnwvwnrWkcDrOl''
Wyik ''IsimWTOv'' WvcSwmwk caehIm egWkiremea unuLua iawgutwkcawswm
egumudOh
cniaeret egulob eg WnEa IvIh cSwa WnEa.eveaIvurwm iawgcaemuh wdwg
csevukwhIm
WhImibnwa eg ''cnwvwnrWk'' idwa .evencnehunuLua cnWd cnegiawLwf
caeCcaea
.eveaIvurwm cnubwbws egumuLea ctwd caepctUs cfWliK WywdWa
cSwrwv cniaeret egcnuhIm ivuriFWh cSwmuvuLuh ''cbcmoT'' cswnUnim
idwa
.eveawfevurwm cawtog ctog ufWlih WywdWa Inwvukwywb wnig
idwa .eveaiv csOg idcaub csev''rwTrWk'' idOh ''obcmoT''
im csevcSwkwhIm Wyik cSwkwmwn ''cTiawvIa .rD'' unuLua iawgutwkcawswmim
cnerwhwa'' iawgutWg rwTckoD iruk Wvurwf cSwa WnEa .evenuhej ilwb
ubwbws egIlwb im cSwncnwhwa ,cten caea Wvurwf caehEb cSwkwSwm
!WlcSokUd
eg unuawAcrif Iaim Ivurwm WnEa idwa .eveaevcSwmwkinub cnehea ''Egnea
inwkea wmwh egukwt ctwncAwl im csevwmwn .evencnumwnub iawgumwk
ctwncAwl
eg cscnWrcf idOh''csckilogoreh''.evenUn caea ''cnWmWhckcnwTuT''
IkwlcBwa
cSwa cscnWrcf cSokUd urcsim WnEa ukwhIm unuyik cSwkwmwn''cnwailOpcmeC''
.eveaIvurwm iawfitenEh ,itenigWv ,Wlif idcaub csevWnEa cnuhwf
wyid
cSwkwrwziawvwpus eg''cbcmoTWrWkcaws'' cSwtog im wmwh
Ivurwm WnEa .eveaivurwm csev caeTcsiTcniaws isErignia iruh
Wscawj cawvcawv cneh caea Wtcauk uhwfcSwmunwv cnwrwvcnef cSwaWnWhWf
udub eg ''csIrUzUa'' Ikwa WnIm .eveauhwfcSwmuvcaeluDwa egutWzctWz
iawbun
.eveaWhIm ilufua
Ivurwm csev caeTcsijoloyikWa unuLua irid iawgWtea caok WsWrid
cawt''cbcmoT''
cnuhWdurwk iawgItwmcawtugwm WnEa .evencnukwrwm ufWlihWywdWa cSwrwv
.eveawfinef InwvcSwncnuhIm cSokineLua cSokWnwhwrwb cnegiawLwacaejWt
Wviawfiawdwh
urUhcxwm iawgutog Eked cnuhIm caeawb .eveawfihejilwb EtenigWv
Ivurwm WnEa
eg''ckinETiawT''.eveaevcaemuLugWmwkim cseviawgumuyid cSwyiDwa''ckinETiawT''
iawgunWmwz''cnWfegcswwr cnUtWnchwa''unuvedcneg cnia''cbcmoT''ea
iawgurutwdim
IkwDnwgiSwhim .eveaeviawfWlufua caeDnwgiSwh Wviawfevurwm egcaenihWk
unuLua
.evekeCcaea Wviawfihejwmwh cSwmuyidcneg cSwa Wkiremea
.eveaiviretWvurwf cSwrwv cSwyea utimcs.rm cnwTcpek eg''ckinETiawT''
udnea eg cTeliawpIs eg cTOb IvcaEb uDnwgiSwh ea WnEa
iawg caemuyil WviawguSwd Ob eg uDnwgiSwhea.eveawguhwgwruf
inwkeawmwh egulol egWnwmwk ,WlEh cnidin Wnwmwk !csIrUzUa''.eveaev
ctWm egWnwmwk Iaea ,enEvelWrwm cawtcnuvcaudwA egWnwmwk cnukwmuleb
csevcSwdwa idwa''ubwdwa egcaehIm emcnok WrukWrutcaud cSwLokiSwh
cswvud 1 egumuyid cSwyiDwa cTObea cnwTcpek eg''ckinETiawT'' csevcSwkwkea
iaWmuvcaud cTOb idwa.eveaegEncaemwk cnegevcaIk Iawyid Wlif idcaubEh
cniruk
Ea''umwdurwtwh uDnwgEr idwa.eveaegnEn csevcaemwk cnegevcaIk Ideh
uLoked
emcnok cnunEb cnerwhwa cSwncnwhwa ,cnwTcpek egcTOb im Ikwncnwhwa!WkwtcHUr
csevcaea csevwmwn.eveaevcSwmwk Wvog cnehim''enWdiveruk csevcaemwk
.evenurekun cSwkWruk ulWvus cnutogEheb Wmwkea utWg cnwTcpek cSwkwhIm
?WbokIkwtwqIqwh Wv iawgutwhwf eg uDnwgcawtcnwkim
Ikwrcais Wviawgutwhwf egukwt cnuvurwm cfWlih WywdWa im
ulUbwq wkwhWv im cnuhIm caeawb.eveSWvwgcnih WmwlWlwb Otiawbok
InWHUr Inwv iawgutwhwf eguDnwgcawtcnwkim iawgutogEked ukwywbcaenwa.eveaeruk
idwa.eveycaeh caea wkwhWv egukWk InWruk ulUbwq cnemerwhwa cnunwtim.evekerWb
ugWfitcaia wmwh Iaea ?eveawvWbiawbok Ikwlcswa egcaerwm Whiruhea
Inwvcaunub csWvwhIhwz.rD cTcsijoloyikrWa cfIC egurcsim?.eveycaeh
egunuawAcrif csevwmwncnehea ,cnwrukun caelUbwq caemwkea cnerwhwa''
cnuhIm wncnwv cSwnwtea iawgEret egukwt''cbcmoT'' ikea ikea cawturWzcnia
enWvurwm cnubwbws egcaeTcaWdcnwlugwn''wtwvun caeawfurwh ,caeaWgcnis''
WtwnuAwl egunuawAcrif Wnubim Ikwkwt WsidWh Whiruh im .EnubcSwmwk
egcaeaWsidWH csevIkwmwk Whiruhea .cnUncaemwk Wv caemuLug csevcaea
egumuvudwm Wbircjwt iaWmugEn cnwncnok cnwtcnwt IrWsWa wtwvun cnubwbws
egWtea cnuhImwncnok cnwtcnwtea.caekwtcawtcnwkWviawfevWmid cnubwbws
Otcaeywv iHcais ufWs Ikwywv Wv iawgEret egWtea cniruk egumunwv
cSwaeret
csevcnegiawdwhWlWb iLubut cniruk egumunwv cSwnwtea idwa.eveaehejcnwlwb
iduk iduk egumwh WyirITckeb whiv Wgiawv WviawgEret egWtea ,Iaea.eveaenWvun
urwhwa 3000 enEhej cnwncnwd cnemerwhwa.eveaItenWncnwv cSwkwt uLwvOl
InWncnuh iawv WviawgEret eg caea ''cbcmoT''Wviawfevudcnwb cnedcnwv
.eveawf iruf cnukwt WyirITckeb wncnefuncSwlol iaWkwt cbOrckiawm
eguDWfuDWf
.evemuv inuk cawt uDnwgiSwh Wviawfevurwm Ikwbwbws egEa
cSwncnunWscnia cawtwlih cviTckeaOyiDEr cswnUnim idwa
uDwa cSwncnemurwhwa cswnUnim idwa.eveawscawjcaekwtilwb cawtea
EgEn
ufWlih WywdWa eg '' cnwvwnrWkcDrOl''inwkeawmwh IkwkwtwkwhWv caeawb
unuvia
csevcawmwk caekwt wkwhWv ukOlcf WviawfWdwh ukwywb cnubwbws egurwm
.eveaenWdev
ulWvus cawtea egEnubWvwj csevidwa csevwmwn cnehea
ugWfitcaia csuh Ikwrwm Whiruh ea wmwh.eveTcauhwbea caekwt
cnutog egIjolonckeT iaWscniaws IneLua im cnemerwhwa.eveycaeh
Iaea cSwncnemurwhwa WmIv cnehea. .eveawgcaenWmwz WviawfWrwairukcSwrwv
.eveSwkwmwkUgwdnua cSwrwv InWvcnurukulUbwq cswNcnub EkerWb InWHUr
cnunuawAcrif Iaea.eveaevcaetwqIqwH enEhejcnwruk ulUbwq cnemurwhwa
csevwmwn
IkwncnuhImea.evekeywb WviawfcSok caemwk cawtea EdeLukun cSwncnemerwhwa
Ikwn
Whim.evekeywb WviawfWrwa iruk eruvcSwncnemurwhwa iawgukwt umcliA
utWfwt
cSwmulWlwb OtcnUn wtwvun Ot ctwncAwl egunuawAcrif Iaim cnubWsih
.eveSwCcawmctwa egcnuLufEbwyit InWLcaokUd
?Wbok IkwaWfIzwv
eguDWk csckifercg iawgcaerwTuaipcmok -
.ifiawvunof
cawtOTof wluk egcsrWm cnia cTiripcs -
.ifiawvunof cSwmib
cawtOTof egcsrWm cniacTiripcs -
csODcniv cniaereteguKIrWt
-
.cSwr IKIrWt ivukWlwh iawgumulehcnib
: cmwb -
?wtcaetwqIqwH ..iteCcaea
Ehudua EgnEnctog -
.cnegiLoa Inuved cSwaWkiremea
cSwacswbcmwlok -
..caemulWlwb cSwacswriawv
rwTuaipcmok -
