cawtubwbws Wvuruk ihwfugwm cSwmuhej urwscnek
.evekeCcaea WSwf cnedefua iawgutWz egEa ,igEn ubwbws Ikwkwt urwscnek wnig
Inehej cnubwbws egcaea(Carcinogen)WdcaWm Wdcawfua urwscnek Wviawfigea
WdcaWm wtwvun ''cnejOnisWk'' inubim .evekerwscnek egcaetwvWb udwm cSwrwv
''cTcneTEl'' cawtcles IaIbwt wncnuh iawguDnwgiSwh
cSwkwtcles rwmuaiT (cnEmihwmwh / Wviawfivurof /WviawfevWnwhcnwv)
iawgumwk(Tumour initiation)''cnuSef eg rwmuaiT'' Iaim .eveawvurukulwdwb
cluaikilom EacneaID Enemih iawgukwtcles ea iawgEret egulwdwbim .eveaeveleb
cawtcles rwmuaiT cTcneTEl inubim cnuhwf .eveawvuneg ulwdwb csev cSwkwt
,enwgilih cnumurOf urwswa egcaeaWdcaWm cnUnea wtwvun caea cnejOnisWk
'' Inwyik cSwmuv cSwtogim .eveawSwf cnehej wfis egcaea rwmuaiT ,evurutia
wtwvun ''cnureairuk rwmuaiT wtwvun cnuawa cnegiawLwfiruk rwmuaiT
.evencnehim '(Tumour promotion)

cSwmwkea cswnugEn cnwnub cnehinub cniruk caebwbwsikwv Ehej urwscnek
cnutogim .eveaehej cnwrukulUbwg cnwkWv caekwtcawtcnwk Wvurukihwfugwm
iruh cnuLug iaWrwscnek iaWmwkcnwkea idwa ,iaWmwkcnwk caeawb EverukwgwhWf
.evea Inwvim iawgIrit urwvcnim

urumua -1
cnurumua csevwmwn .eveaehej urwscnek csev cSwncnuhIm egcaerumua Whiruh
urwvcnim Ehej urwscnek cSwncnuhIm Ebit iawfcsog cSwCcawm eruvcSwa50
Wvurwm cnegihej urwscnek .eveawkcawd cnukwtubWsih utWfwt cSwmwkurutia
,iaWncnidukwDuk .eveawgudemed iaWrwhwa50-70 IneLua urumua egcnuhImwnig
urwscnek csev cSwncnuhIm egurumuaudem ,iaWrumua cnWvuz idwa urumua urwvWruf
.eveketog enWdev Ikwmuhej

cscnij -2
csevwmwn .evekemwk umcnWa Ikwmuhej urwscnek csev cSwncnuhIm eg cscnijed
iawgudem egcnunehirif iaWncnunehcnwa ctwbcsin Ehej urwscnek egurwtcawv ikea
egiawgwa idwa ,urwscnek egEmWpcauf cSwkwlWsim .eveaenWderuh caekwt utWfwt
egItwmwrua .eveaeveruk wgwhWf cnwk umcnWa iawgudem egcnunehirif ,urwscnek
umcnWa iawgudem egcnunehcnwa urwscnek eg cDcnElcg cDiaoriawt idwa urwscnek
.eveaeverukwgwhWf cnwk

wluk iaWlcswn -3
urwscnek csev cSwkwhIm egcaeawluk emcnok uDnwgcnwh idwa caelcswn Whiruh
ikwv wtwvun caelcswn ikwv urwscnek egutwvWb caeawb csevwmwn .eveaenWdihej
.eveketog enWdev Ikwmuvwnig iawgudem egcnuhIm Wviawfibil caeDnwgcnwh egiawluk
egcnuhIm ilwa wluk wtwvun cnod uDnwgcnwh urwscnek egumwh cSwkwlWsim
iawgukwtumuawg wdwf Wkiremea .eveaev iawfiveruk wgwhWf cnwk umcnWa iawgudem
eruv cSwncnuhImcnod ctwbcsin Edefua urwscnek iawg urwk egumihwr
.eveawf iverukwgwhWf Inwv cnwkwnig iawgudem egcnuhImuLwk

cnuaehiv ,iaWtWywh IjWvwz -4
.evekemwk EdcSokurud iaWmuhej urwscnek wlwhwk caeawb IkwmuSef caetWywh IjWvwz
ELua cnegedia iaWkwhIm cSwncnunehcnwa Ebit edIn iaWkwhIm cSwkwlWsim
wgwhWf cnwkuDob utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek egItwmwrua ,eruv cSwncnunehcnwa
egumuhej urwscnek egItwmwrua cSwncniawm Edurik cnutWg idwa .eveaeveruk
egumihwr Ikwmunia iaWkwhIm cSwhwvwa Wm .eveaeverukwgwhWf cnwkwDuk utwsuruf
.eveaevenub iawgumwkcaemwk Wvurukihwfugwm egumuhej urwscnek cSwrwk

cnuvwturWv -5
caeawb csevwmwn .eveaegEn cnwkWnub EaerukwturWv urwscnek cnegiLeawDnwk
cnwkumcnWa iawgudem egcnudurwf egcaeaWliaWa caea urwscnek egurwtcawv
cSwa cmOsOmOrck iaWrwscnek egurwtcawv caeawb idwa .eveaev iawfiverukwgwhWf
cnuLug ,iaWkwlwdwb Wviawfcsiawa cSwkwa cnIj wtwvun ,iaWkwmulcaeg iruhiawfibil
egEl cSwkwlWsim .eveaevuLWdiv cnurWkWbirujwt IHcaiB iawgumwk enWderuh
iawfidefua iawg cmOsOmOrck ,iaWrwscnek Ehej cSwkwtcSog cfcmil idwa urwscnek
cnumwkcnehea .eveaev iawfiveleb cSwmwkwncnuh cnuLug iaWkwbiawa iruh
urwscnek cswyivun cSwmwk caemwk WrukwturWv cnegiLeawDnwk Ikwrwscnek
.eveaeveleb cSwmwk EdcSokwturWv cawtcawtcnwk Wvurukihwfugwm cSwmuhej

urwvcnef wtwvun utwlWh egumuLuairid -6
iawgcaerwvcnim egiawdWa wtwvun egItcnwfudem Ikwrwscnek egutwvWb caeawb
cnehinehea caeawb .evekerwscnek Ehej cSwncnuhIm wncnuh utwlWh egumuLuairid
egukwtWliaWa itwm urwvcnef egumuLuairid wtwvun idwscaum urwscnek egurwtcawv
idwa ,urwscnek egumwh cSwkwlWsim .eveaeverukwgwhWf cnwkEhej cSwncnuhIm
egumuLuairid eruvcSwaea wtwvun egItcnwfudem urwvcnim Ehej urwscnek eguDnwb
.eveaeveruk wgwhWf cnwkwnig iawgudem egcnuhIm egukwtWliaWa cSwd urwvcnef
egukwtWliaWa itwm urwvcnef egumuLuairid wtwvun idwscaum urwscnek egItwmwrua
.eveaeveruk wgwhWf cSwmwkwnig iawgudem egcnuhIm

iSev egutwkcawswm -7
cSwncnuhIm Ehej cneLua iawgIvwa utugwvwnig wdwf cnirevcswm ,iaWncnirevuDnwd
,IrcTcnepWk .eveaeveruk wgwhWf cnwkuDob utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek egumwh
egcmWzin WlWvEn idwa ,iaWtwfEn cSwncnuhIm Wruk ctwkcawswm iawgWtcnwt wdwf
.eveDob utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek cSwkwtiawb

cawtwdWkwdWa EveLugcneg -8
Wruk ulWmuaitcsia egutwfcnud :cnuruk ulWmuaitcsia egutwfcnud -(h)
.eveDob utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek egEmWpcauf cSwncnuhIm
egiawgwa IkwmurukcnunEb cawtcniaub EvelukeaWr ,iaWlwr :cniaubWr -(S)
.evekemwk Ed cSokurutia utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek
udWvwh wtwvun iLuk cniawnigWm :WnWk Evelukea udWvwh wtwvun iLuk -(n)
cSwaiLohWgih itekwtWk idwa ,iaWDnwb ,iaWywgwa IkwmurukcnunEb WnWk Evelukea
.evekemwk EdcSokurutia utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek
Ebit cSokun unWtiK eruvcSwncnuhIm Ebit iawfcSokunWtiK :cnurukunWtiK -(r)
egumuhej urwscnek cSwnwvwnug Iscnij wtwvun iSwh cnehirif egcnuhIm
.evea wfiveruk wgwhWf Inwv cnwkurutia utwsuruf

cawtWdcaWm cnehinehea caeawb idwa clwkimek -9
,iaWywgwa ,iaWyemWpcawuf IkwaWdcaWm Eyik Ea''OkWboT'' wncnuh iawgcTerigis -1
caebwbws egumuhej urwscnek cSwkwtiawb egumWzin WdumwkwDuk idwa Emwruf
.eveaeveleb iawgumwk

''cnisckoTwlcfwa'' Wviawgumwk caetwvWb clwkimek Edefua cnia ''cswgcnwf'' -2
iawgumwk caeaWdcaWm EdeviretIhea egumuhej urwscnek egEmwruf Ikwa
.eveaerukwmWh cnurWkWbirujwt

cneretea egumihwr )''cmwaircTImODcnea'' Ikwa cnejOrcTcsea :cnOmrOh -3
.evekea cnOmrOh EdcSokurutia cnuhejurwscnek eg( wlwSwfilud inut Wviawfivel
urwscnek egcDcnElcg cTETcsorcp idwa urwscnek egEmwruf Ikwa cnejOrcDcnea
.evekea cnOMrOh EdeviretIhea cSwmuhej

urwscnek WnWswm cnumuruk cnunEb cniawnigWm WnWkinof egutwvWb caeawb -4
.eveaenub cnurWkWbirujwt cSwmwk enWdihej iawgurwhwf

,iaWyemWpcawuf IkwmuLehwSuh cSwkwaWdcaWm clwkimek Eyik Ea czOTcsebcsea -5
.evekemwk EdeviretIhea iawgumuhej urwscnek cSwawlwSwf WvcnegiawSwv egEa
urwscnek egEmWpcauf csev Ikwa ''cmwaimOrck'' idwa ''clekin'' cnehimwmwh
cnubwbws eg ckinesrWa wtwvun wkwrWhiv .evekekwtWdcaWm EdevIhea iawgumuhej
.eveaev cSwmwk EdcSokurutia utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek egumwh

,ereturwk ,iaWtwfEn ,cnubwbws egukwt cswriawv wlwhwk caeawb :cswriawv -6
Wvurukihwfugwm cSwmuhej urwscnek egItwmwrua idwa ,Emwruf wtwvun uDnwgEm ,El
.eveaevenub cSwmwk

egumwh cnubwbws egukwtidOd cTeliawv WrcTclwa Wvunof cnilwa eguria -7
cnurihWm IHcaiB iawgumwk Wdcnegevurutia utwsuruf egumuhej urwscnek
,iaWmwh idwa ,El cnubwbws eg cnwxEaiDEr gcniziawnoywa .eveaevuLWdiv
.eveaeverukwgwhWf cnwkEhej urwscnek egEmWpcauf

Edcsogcneg utwlWh egWhIm cSwawmwh iaWrwm cnegiLug iaWrwscnek
cawtubwbws caeawb
,cnurOf urwswa egurwscnek cSwdwm egISwk Inwvitwmiruk cnwkim :cnuvcSwdEl -1
cDisea ckilof ,cnuvurEbEl ,idefua urWf iawgunwt Wviawfidefua rwmuaiT
iawgEl ,(cnumufih cnunEb egcDisea ckilof cawtcles rwmuaiT )cnuvudwm
.evencnubwbws egukwt cawtcnwk wdwf ,cnuvudwm iawb eguDwgnwd

cnumurOf urwswa egurwscnek cSwmWzin Wrukumwjwh Iaim :cnuvcsOg WnWk -2
cswruh cSwmugen cSwDnwgiSwh WnWk idwa ,cSwmurukumwjwh ,iaWmuvurid itekwtWk
.evekemwk Wvirevudem ItWLwa

cmWzin WdumwkwDuk idwa cmWzin Wdcawfua ulcswn Iaim :cnuvclEf Wdurug -3
cnumudeb cawtiawb egcmWzin WdumwkwDuk idefua rwmuaiT iawgutWrwfcswgwruf idwa
.evekemwk Wvitwmiruk

csWairckcnep idwa ,EmcsiC ,uDnwgEm Iaim :cnuvclEf uDnwgEm iaWmuv UdIr -4
.evekemwk Wvirevudem cnumudefua rwmuaiT iawg

cawtuzwkurwm IsWswa WviawgIDnukis ,iaWmuvurutia rwxercp egIDnukis -5
egrwmuaiT Edefua iawgIDnukis Iaim :cnuvctogEtef cnubwbws egrwxercp
.evekemwk Wvitwmiruk cnubwbws

WrukurEb cnukwtcles rwmuaiT WviawfevukWlwh Iaim :cnuvwfUrwnwa uDnwgiSwh -6
cawtcnwvwnug utWfwt idwa ,cnuvcsOg WnWk ,cnuvcSwdEl ,cnubwbws egiawhiv
.evekemwk Wvitwmiruk cnubwbws egumuvclEf