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cnIsWy udwmcHwa cKiawxcawa udIhwx
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cmok . WsWvwk |
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egunItcswlwf , Ikwa cnIsWy
udwmcHwa cKiawxcawa egcnemcnea Wdcnumwruk wmWrugnwh iawkwTcSwmwkcnwvinim csevcnutogIHUr iaWncnutog IsWyis, cseviawgItwmiruk .evekeLufEb ivencnegiawDwvibil caemWqwm WscaWK , im egunurwq im iaWnurwq wyid evutEv cnutogea emcnea egutWkwrwH InwYwv egunIYcswlwf , csevcSwnwtIv evcnIsWy cKiawx , cSwkwzcmwr umcnihum .eveaeviawfcnegiawDwv |
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| cnuvuLufuDob , iaWmutwgiawDwv evcnwfua cnIsWy cKiawx , WviawfevWyin uLufWPcawb iawgurwhwa 5 emcnea cnuLufurumuA utwrUj , WviawgumwkcaeSwr umcnihum egunIYcswlwf , InwviawfcnegiawDwv evcnwfua , Ikwrwhwa im .eveawguhwm cnUj egurwhwa wnwv 1936 iawg cnWlwqcswA wmwtwruf , cSwLoked iaWmuvwdwg uzUfun ( cmwzinwawz ) InUychuB iawgunIYcswlwf .everwhwa igih caeaWruawX ilufua urWyitwh cSwrwhwf cnegevilwb wgiawmWrugwh iruk iaWlIaWrcsia cnibwrwA , urwhwa wnwv 1948 ea .evetwgiawDwveked urwzcnwmea cnIsWy egurwhwa 12 urEa cnurumuA uriawyid .eveawfcnegiawDwvibil caeLwvWlif wgurwv cSwrwv InwvcnIsWy , cnumuvilwb ImWvuqwa clwniawb wtwvun cswyiv cawtumuawq ibwrwA , IkwLwvWlif ea , eruvcSwmuv udWmitcAia cSwkwywb urEb cnunIYcswlwf , cswyiv cSwmwkuAwmwtcjum whEswf iawgumuvulisWv cSwaWjItwn , iawfevuDobWdiawf csevcnukwtog Whiruh wlcaimwa cSok unIrcmwt cnuhImea Id urWyitwh cSwncnuhIm unIYcswlwf , Ikwtog .eveawgumwk cnuvudet cSwCcawm iawf " IvuLWdiv cnIsWy cnumwvwkcawd wkwhWv cnutogEheb iaWrwvcswvud im urwkcxwl , cnukwturwkcxwl ibwrwA iawa cnwruk wmWrugnwh iaWlIaWrcsia , enub cSwmwk enWvun cnegevoa iawgunIYcswlwf caerWb cnehea iawvwyif egcnemerwhwa cnubWsih ea , ilutwa cawturWyitwh iruh iawgutwa egcnemerwhwa iawmIvilwb cawturwkcxwl ibwrwA , iawfiLug iaWrwkcxwl Itoa clwbcqwtcsum unIYcswlwf cnukwtctwAWmwj iLea urWyitwh InUychWB , evilwb csevcnemerwhwa iawgutwa cnemerwhwa uhwvud ea , wyidcnumwruk itwfWncnus iawrwm cnuhIm . " csIvulwdwb ctog wyid evcawtcnwk iawguKIrWt , wmwniruh urWyitwh cnuvcauLuairid itwd , cSwawmwh iaWhWlik wnwvcswf , edwv cSwaWsurwdwm IaWditcbia egWrUjclwa iawg 1948 csevwmwn .eveaivedcneg cSwairuk cnuveyik cnIsWy udwmcHwa iawgWsidWh iruk ilWhiviscaiv eren cnurodeg cnuhIm unIYcswlwf , cnIdUhwy wrujih cSwaWzcawG cnegev urUbcjwm csevWliaWA egcnIsWy ugnwh cnurumuA , Ugwdua itwd , csevcnemcnea iruk wrujih urEa .eveaiv urUbujwm cnwruk iteDob csevWliaWA egcnIsWy , cniawdIb unuhej cnWlitwmiruk iaWmuLuairid .eveaivitwmiruk cnwkitemwkin iaWmwk unUh iawhuDnwb , iaWnEv egcniawfis urcBim iruh iawgWzcaWG urEa , iawkwTcSwmudOh caeCcaea enWk cnIsWy iawkwTcSwmuvedcaOh uLokitea Wk Wliawkua cnegevurutia cnukwPcmEk ctwh egcnIsWy , udemed 1950- 1949 .evetwgiawDwv ukea iaWncniduk iheTcawr ) " clUf " egWzcawG , iawkwTcSwmuvIhea cSwaWliaWA Evelukea cSwCcawm egcnudurwf iawgWtea .eveaivcaerukctwkcawswm iawgcaenwt Wdwh ( caeCcaeaWk .eveawyidcneg cSwairuk cnuveyik ,csevWkcaenwa ,uhwfcSwmurukctwkcawswm cnutenigWv cSwrwv ivurOf urwswa egEa cSwtWywH iLum ,iawgurwhwa 16 ,cnurumuA urwhwa wnwv1952 ,edWa .eveaivitwmiruk cSwacnIsWy caeaWsidWH iretWkcawrun caekwtwdwb cniaWrudnwk ,cSokineLua cneLuk ukeaiaWkwkwtcniduk ireTcSwvwa egWnEa 45 WtiLea (rwTcsWlcp ) WrIbwj iawgunwtim .eveawyid cnegiawdcnib ,cSwrumuA iLum ,cnubwbws egumulcaeg unubilim cSwaWrudnwk ,cnuhwfcswvud cnWlitwmiruk ( WaijIlcpircDWauk ) iaWycawb egumutenigWv cniawfcserwtwh .eveairukwmWh cnurwTckwD cSwmwkenEhej cnIsWy cnulIaWrcsia ,csevcSwawmwhiaWmutwgiawDwvevudIhwx ,cnurutia egumwkim ukwhIm egcniawfis iawgItwmOl utWnwk ,uriaigcnih uqIquHwt cnegcSokurwycawh ,cniawdwfeawmwh .eveaeviawfevcnulcaeg cSwmunef egulol utWnwk ,cnubwbws egumuhej ,iaWtwfcnwk ,cnurutia egEa .eveaivitwmiruk iaWmwkitwd egumunef ,csevcSwlolutWv Ivedcneg cnIsWy uKiawx cnEv egukwtilwb caeawb egWdiAwm ,iaWaemWPcauf .evencnumwvcawruk ulwmcawHwt iawgutog egcaesircawdum wnwv 1958-1957 Ivemcnin cnuveyik egWlwHurwm IvwnWX cnIsWy cKiawx egukwtctWrwf caeawb ,idehiaWmwkiretcnudeLukun ,idwa .eveawgurwhwa IsWrid egurwhwa iawgutog egcaesircawdum ,iawvwdcaOh caeaWfIzwv ,csevukeaiaWmudeh uLokidia ,WvwncnwgiawDwvibil cnutwkcawswmim cSwaWnEa .eveaiveTcaef cnwvcawrukctwmcdiK .eveSwmuvelcaeb cnuhIm egWliaWA Ivedcneg cnumwvcawrukwdEh caeawb uDob egInwdcmWa ctWkwrwH IsWyis unuveruk cnutog egumurukujWjitcHia cSwnWvuduA Ivitwmiruk cSwrcBim iawg 1956 .evetwgiawDwvevireviawb cnIsWy udwmcHwa egurwhwa 20 cnurumuA ,iawgukwtWrwhWzum cnwkcnwk ,iaWmwkiretcnukcaedwkwhWv egWnEa cniaeret egumwkim IkwaWzcawG cnutogea .eveawyid cnegevwmWh cnwkwnWdwLuk egumuvcaerukcmWzitcnia WnEa iaWmutoa ctoa iawgumwkcaenwt Wv iawguSwd egumuleb ImWvcqwaclwniawb egumuawneg cSwSwd egumuleb egurcBim udcawHwrws ea idwa .eveaivedcaehuLokidia .eveaivcaerukwmWh WnEa cnwkiretcnunEb cnurukurwycawh cnWvwmWh iawgcaeaWriaWdWLuf cSwrwv cnwkiretcnukcaedekwhWv egcnIsWy udwmcHwa irwt egcnIsWy iawgudem egcnIAWd egWzcawG ukea iaWaea .eveaiSef egurcBim Wrukctwkcawswm iawgubWsih ea cnubwbws egumwkim .eveaiSefcnwhwjwyif urwvcswvudea idwa .eveaiSefcneverukwgwhWf WnEa cSwncnuhIm egWrWdia IsUsWj ukwywbwnig ,cnutogWviawfWgnih cawtcawtcnwk iawgunWdiawm IsWyis egurcBim Iaea .evenuverukurwycawh csevWnEa iawg 1965 iawgcaerwviaoa egumurukurwycawh urcBim ,ukwywbcawtea egutwAWmwj "cnImilcsumclunWvcKia" iawg 1954 csevwmwn .eveawgutog egcaeLob egWlisclis ,egumuruk irukurwycawH cnurWkurws caemuLug csevcaea cnutog ImIzcnwt udemed iaWa cnIsWy iaWtwAWmwj "cnWvcKia" cniLog egulwj ivencnuh WNcnwkinig WnEa ,cnumuvutibWs cnukwtuqIqcHwt cnwkcten ivencnuh iawgulwj ,cswkwaemcnok .evenuvelcSokUd cnuhwfcswmcaea egEa caekwturwswa InWscfwn umcaihum cSwrwv cSwacnIsWy udwmcHwa urwvcswvud .eveaivcaeruk cnegevcnuf cSwrutia utwrcfwn wncnoa iawgutih cSwmwkirevWyinwa .eveaivcaeruk uludwA ,InWvcnegevWnib utwycaiAurwx egcaerWkurws csevcaea idwa .eveawyid ukeaWmwkcnwvinim WnWscnia ,iaWSwCcawm egcaerwvcnim WviawfevcmiaWq ufWscnia urwvcswvud im csevcnwk cSwCcawm egcaerwvcnim WvcnWmIa cSwqcawH egumuLuairid .eveaivurwvwSwk cSwaWnEa ubWyimWkWn eg 1967 ,uhwfcSwmuvilwb eg 1967 WviawgumwkWsidWH ifih unItcswlwf iLum cnulErczia eg IsWbcawAcludijcswm cSwmuviretctWkwrwH cSwLokidia iaWkwturWb WviawfWfih cnwvcawlWvog cnukwtWbuYuK "WlWvukcawk El" egWnEa cnIsWy cKiaex iawgurwbcnim iaWncnudIhwx ,iaWmuvcaerukcaea utWriawK emiawgurwvcswvudea wmwh .eveaiveTcaef cawtctWkwrwH egumuviretIhea cSwkwtWliaWA egcnuhIm Everukurwycawh eg "ImWlcsia cluAwmcawjum" wncnuh iawgWzcawG uhwf cSwaea .eveaivedcnegcSwairuk .eveawfWvcauruf Inwv WnEa umWqwm egcaesIawr uhujcawvwt Irckif clunWvcKia" , InwvwncnwgiawDwvevWbwt cnIsWy cKiaex cnutogIrukif urwhwa wnwv 1928 ,IkwtwAWmwj im .eveSwkwturukif egutwAWmwj "cnImilcsum clunWvcKia" .eveketwAWmwj ivedcaefua iawgurcBim ,WncawbclunwswH cmWmiaclwa ,iaWSwmutwgened iawgutog wHcawB egEa cnIdcmWlcsia InwlWvog "cnImilcsum .eveSwmuruk climWx cnId iawgcaenWdiawm Whiruh egumuLuairid cawtcnurukWmid egulErczia WvuDobcnwk urWkurws ulErczia cnubwbws egukwtctWkwrwH egcnIsWy cKiaex .evenuverukurumwa cSwmurukurwycawH WnEa iawg1982 ,cnumuaid cawtcnwk cSwawjwrwd egumwk WvcauLugcnegurWyitwh iaWtwmuhut egumwkidcaefua caemIzcnwt IrwkcswA idwa egEa csevwmwn .evenuvcaia cmukuH cSwmul cSwlwj cSwrwhwa 13 iawgutwmuhut irIrcHwtil WycaibuAwxcautwhwbwj clwa" iaWlErczia iawg 1985 cnuhwf ,iawgcaemuvcswbcaea egumurukulwdwb cnurIswa unuvcaEb udemed Wa "cnItcswlwf .evenuvelcSokUd WnEa cnudcaefua ctwAWmwj "csWmwH" egutwAWmwj "cnWvcKia" WvcauLua iawgWzcawG cnIsWy cKiaex iawg 1987 Wa ,uhwfcSwmuvcaerukWrwvcxwm iaWncnuLufEb caeawb WvWbwt cSwkwturukif iawgudwscqwm egumuvcaeruk cnwvinim unItcswlwf Iaea .eveaivedcaefua caetwAWmwj eg "csWmwH" Iaim .evea "WycaimWlcsia clitwmwvWqum clutwkwrwH" ivedcaefua cnwn ugid ivencned cniruk Ikwa "csWmwH" .evetwAWmwj WviawfevurUhcxwm cnumwn egunItcswlwf unuSef urwvcswvudea .evetogWyik uhwf cSwmulcSokuruk .eveaivcaerukWdwa caeruawd umcaihum cSwrwv cnIsWy cKiaex cseviawgWFWfitcnia iawgutog egcaemIAwz IHUr egutwAWmwj "csWmwH" csevcnegiSef cnurwvcswvudea .evenIsWy cKiaex Iawa cnumeveleb cawtcnurukWmid egulErczia csevWkcaenwa cKiaex ,cnulErczia ,cnumuSef cnWd cSwCcawm Wm ,cawtctWkwrwH eg WFWfitcnia egurwhwa wnwv 1988 cnutogea .eveaiSefcnwdOh caetwlIswv enWvuTcauh cnIsWy eg iLum enwgedwv cSwLokeg egcnIsWy cKiaex cniawfis ulErczia uhwm uTcswgoa .evenid urWzcnia egumwkenWvcawlWvunof cSwnWnubul WnEa uhwfcSwmurukcsWf cnuTcnejea ulErczia egunItcswlwf ,iaWkwywb wnig egcniawfis ulErczia csevwmwn iawg 1989 Em 18 cniawfis ulIaWrcsia , cnumuSef cnWvurutia urutia cnurem 16 idwa .eveairuk urwycawh ukwywbcawtea urutia egcsWmwh , iaWa cnIsWy cSwhwvud urumuA cnIsWy cKiaex , cnukwTOk ulIaWrcsia iawg 1991 rwbOTckoa iaWa csWmwH , Inub ulIaWrcsia cSwmwkcaeSuk .eveairuk cmukuH , cSwmulcSwlwj cSwmufih , iawrwm cniawfis ulIaWrcsia , iawdcawfua wyif IrwkcswA egcsWmwH .evemuviawfWvog cSwmwkea Id urwvctih ctwkcawswm unuveruk , cSwmuruk Ud cnIsWy , cnia " cmWscawq cnIdcauzcaiA " , Wviawgumwkifog IrwkcswA egcsWmwH , cnuhIm caeawb Wviawfiveruk urwycawh csevidwa iaWacnIsWy cKiaex cnutogea .eveaeviawfcSok ctwkcawswm cSwmuruk cnwvinim cnukwtulwj ulIaWrcsia ukwhIm egcniawfis ulIaWrcsia , iawg rwbcmesiD 13 egurwhwa wnwv 1992 csevwmwn .eveairuk ctwkcawswm cnwruk ulwdwb iaWa cnIsWy , enwgiawlutwa WhIm egcniawfis , cSokun ulUbwq cnuLeawSuh im cnurWkurws ulIaWrcsia iaWaWhIM egcniawfis ulIaWrcsia , cnumunid Wlwmwh cSwnwt Wviawfiveruk urwycawh .eveaivurwm cawtcnuhIm egcsWmwH , iaWrwDcnWmok eguTinuy cnidWlwmwH idwa , clwAcxiim cdilWK , Wairev eguhIfoa IsWyis egcsWmwH iruh iawgcnudurua caetwkcawswm iruk cnuhuluf ed urcais egulIaWrcsia , cnwlcSokwrWhwvwa im .evetwgiawlutwa cnuhImed ea , cnurWkurws cnudurua , ev ubWyimWkWn , cSwmuruk Ud cnIsWy cKiaex iawgulwdwb egcniawfis ed , uhwfcSwaWsidWh cnIsWy , evcswbcaea clIaWrcsia , cSwkwmuLeawSuh iLeawSuh urWkurws cnudurua .eveairuk cnwvinim iawgudcnwb Eg cnuvcswbed IsWyis Edefua udemed iaWacsWmwH iaWrWkurws egunIYcswlwf cSwsWmwH InwvcnurWkurws unIYcswlwf ukwrwhwfcawtea , cnubwbws egukwt urwhwfwnig eruv cSwrwhwfcaea , cnutogea .eveawfcSok itwmiruk iaWkwtcnutcaif .eveawfcSokudcnwb iawgEg Inwv cnIsWy cKiaex ctwkcawswm unuveruk cnwlcSokwrWhwvwa egcsWmwH iaWnIsWy cKiawx , Inwv cnulIaWrcsia iawg 2003 rwbcmeTcPes 6 , cSwkwaeg ibit Wycainwh clIAWmcsia Wviawgumwk caediAWq csia cnehea csevwmwn .eveawfId caeaWlwmwh cliawsim Inwv cnukwt rwTcPokileh egulIaWrcsia .eveaivctwmWlws wnWruf , ukea iaWkwLufwkcainWh wDuk cnuvudIhwx cSwaeg , uhwf cSwmuvcaeruk udWmwn csitwf eguhwvud wmOh Iv 2004 uCrWm 22 eg 16-cfea iaWa rwTcpokileh ICWpwa , egulIaWrcsia cSokinwvwncnwgiawDwv cnuLufurumuA , iawgcaeaWlwmwH InWvuduA , cnid cnegcSok cnunEb uTOb Wd cnitwm .evetwgiawDwv evudIhwx cnIsWy cKiaex iawg 68 |
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